VICAT, Louis Joseph.

Praktische Anweisung de hydraulischen Kalk (Cement oder künstliche Puzzolane) zu bereiten und denselben bei Wasserbauten aller Art anzuwenden. Nebst Beschreibung und Abbildungen der dazu nöthigen Brennöfen, Apparate und Geräthschaften.

Uebersetzt von Dr. E.G. Schmidt. Twelve folding lithographed plates. viii, 120 pp. 8vo, cont. marbled boards, red leather lettering piece on spine. Quedlingburg & Leipzig: G. Basse, 1847. First edition in German of Vicat’s Nouvelles Études sur les Pouzzolanes artificielles (1846). “Although the strength and hydraulic properties of pozzolana had been well known since Roman times, the reasons for these qualities remained obscure. Poirel’s pioneering use of pozzolanic concrete blocks for the Algiers breakwater revealed the possibilities of such construction, and Vicat set out to investigate pozzolana in depth and to produce a more reliable artificial pozzolana (burnt clays mixed with hydraulic or common limes) than hitherto. The results of his highly systematic series of experiments are contained here. For the first time he studied the properties of many kinds of clay, fired at different temperatures, from all over France, testing and analysing the resulting pozzolanas and comparing them with natural Italian pozzolana. He was then able to recommend mixes suitable for concretes in both fresh and salt water.”–Elton, Cat. 6, 263. “The artificial cements were made by mixing together chalk or limestone and clay or mud in proportions that had to be empirically determined, because the chemical reactions involved in the setting and hardening of cement were then unknown; they are in fact highly complicated. Important pioneer work on this subject was done in France by L.J. Vicat.”–Singer et al., A History of Technology, p. 448. Vicat (1786-1861), was engineer-in-chief of the department of bridges and roads of France. Fine copy and very rare with no copy in OCLC. Two old library stamps on title.

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